Woodturning Tools: Difference between revisions

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{{ToolInfoBox
{{ToolInfoBox
|tool name=Woodturning Tools
|tool name=Woodturning Tools
|image=cheap woodturning tools.JPG
|german=Drechseleisen|image=cheap woodturning tools.JPG
|synonyms=DE: Drechseleisen, Drechselmesser
|synonyms=DE: Drechseleisen, Drechselmesser
|type=
|type=
|material=[[wood]]
|material=[[wood]]
|used with=[[Wood Lathe|wood lathe]]
|used with=[[Wood Lathe|wood lathe]]
|location=
|location=[[Location::Wood Workshop|wood workshop]]<br>(wall above wood lathe)
|access=upon introduction
|access=read this page; [[Woodturning Introduction|woodturning introduction]]
|tutors=[[Lukas]]
|tutors=[[User:Lukas|Lukas]]
|manual=
|manual=
|donation=
|donation=
|similar=
|similar=
}}
}}
Once you've got a nice blank spinning on the [[Wood Lathe|wood lathe]], you'll want to shape it by holding something sharp to it. We're only getting started with [[woodturning]], but as we learn this page will grow with information about various forms of turning tools (a {{mpi}} will be nice for easy navigation).
Once you've got a nice [[Woodturning Blanks|turning blank]] spinning on the [[Wood Lathe|wood lathe]], you'll want to shape it by holding something sharp to it. We're only getting started with [[woodturning]], but as we learn this page will grow with information about various forms of turning tools (a {{mpi}} will be nice for easy navigation).


[[Lukas]] just got a cheap beginner's set consisting of
In early 2018, [[Lukas]] got a cheap beginner's set consisting of
* 12 mm [[#Gouges|gouge]] (''Formröhre'')
* ''some kind of'' 12 mm [[#Gouges|gouge]]
* 13 mm round nose [[#Scrapers|scraper]] (''Schaber rund'')
** not a roughing gouge: too narrow & shallow
** not a ''Formröhre'': mostly rectangular when seen from above, no "nose"
** looks a lot like an [https://www.axminster.co.uk/axminster-rider-out-cannel-firmer-gouge-wooden-handle-12mm-103830 out-cannel firmer gouge] (not a turning tool?!)
* 26 mm [[#Skew Chisels|skew chisel]] (''Drechselbeitel'')
* 13 mm round nose [[#Scrapers|scraper]] (''Schaber, rund'')
* 4 & 6 mm [[Parting Tools|parting tools]] (''Abstechstähle'')
* 4 & 6 mm [[Parting Tools|parting tools]] (''Abstechstähle'')
* 26 mm [[#Skew Chisels|skew chisel]] (''Drechselbeitel'')
<br>which we will gradually expand or replace with better ones as needed:
<br>that will soon be available in the CoMakingSpace.
* [https://www.woodlathesinc.com/products/crown-1-1-4-oval-skew-chisel?variant=51278810438 Crown 1" oval skew chisel] (added 2019-5)
* [https://www.narextools.cz/en/roughing-gouge-hss-8194 Narex 3/4" roughing gouge] (added 2019-11)
* [https://www.kirschen-shop.de/de/1629004_Drechslerbeitel-Abstech-langes-Heft_p3640178.html Kirschen 4 mm parting tool (#1629004)] & [https://www.kirschen-shop.de/de/1649020_Drechslerbeitel-Ausdrehstahl-langes-Heft_p3640183.html Kirschen 20 mm round side cutting scraper (#1649020)] as a [[loan]] from Micha
* a ton of tools from [[Jrosy]] (added in 2022)
 
 
'''CAUTION: the simple skew chisel and scraper were misused and badly bent, currently they are "fixed" but may bend or even break easier next time! Stop turning if ''anything'' seems wrong with these or other tools.'''
 


<br clear=all>
== Skew Chisels ==
{{ToolInfoBox
|tool name=Skew Chisels
|image=skew chisel.JPG
|synonyms=woodturning chisels, "skews";<br>DE: Drechselbeitel, Drehmeißel
|type=[[woodturning]] tool
|material=[[wood]]
|used with=[[Wood Lathe|wood lathe]]
|location=
|access=upon introduction
|tutors=[[Lukas]]
|manual=
|donation=
|similar=
}}
Also called the "woodturner's plane" - can create nice surfaces, but prone to snatching on the wood if you're not experienced! <sup>[https://www.toolsandtimber.co.uk/tools/woodturning/woodturning-hand-tools/skew-chisels]</sup>


__TOC__
<br clear=all>
<br clear=all>
== Gouges ==
== Gouges ==
{{ToolInfoBox
{{ToolInfoBox
|tool name=Woodturning Gouges
|tool name=Woodturning Gouges
|image=woodturning gouge.JPG
|image=woodturning gouge.JPG
|synonyms=DE: Drechselröhren, Schalenröhren
|synonyms=DE: Drechselröhren, Drehröhren;<br>''Schruppröhren, Formröhren, Schalenröhren''
|type=[[woodturning]] tool
|type=[[woodturning]] tool
|material=[[wood]]
|material=[[wood]]
|used with=[[Wood Lathe|wood lathe]]
|tutors=[[User:Lukas|Lukas]]
|location=
|access=upon introduction
|tutors=[[Lukas]]
|manual=
|manual=
|donation=
|donation=
|similar=
|similar=
|extrabox=yes
}}
}}
Gouges are perhaps the most frequently used woodturning tools and are very useful to get your workpiece round in the first place.
We only have a very uncharacteristic gouge at the moment. There are several specialized types including ''roughing'', ''spindle'' and ''bowl'' gouges, all of which may be sharpened at different angles to produce an even bigger variety.
If you would like to see more gouges in our shared selection, please make suggestions and also let us know whether you would be willing to throw in a few €! In the meantime, you are welcome to borrow [[User:Lukas/Werkzeug#Drechseleisen|Lukas' private gouges]] for a beer or so ;-)
* ''basics: http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/gouges1.html''
* ''how to sharpen: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k-nTHpfcwkQ (first half)''
* ''"detail" gouges: http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/gouges7.html''
=== Roughing Gouges ===
[[File:captive rings - test04.JPG|thumb|right|300px|typical marks during roughing]]
Avoid contacting the workpiece with one of the corners! These gouges are usually forged from a flat piece of steel and therefore less strong than those that are milled from a solid round piece - they are sometimes reported to break near the handle.<sup> [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/gouges2.html]</sup>
[http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/gouges2.html This article] may help you with your first attempts of using a spindle roughing gouge. Roughing gouges take the same shaving across their entire cutting edge so it's a good idea to keep slowly twisting the tool to balance the wear over the entire edge (otherwise you'll quickly have a dull spot in the middle while the sides are still sharp).
Also have a look at [https://www.woodworkersinstitute.com/wood-turning/techniques/beginners-guides/the-spindle-roughing-gouge/ this beginner's guide] for some nice illustrations as well as detailed descriptions of the cuts you can make with this tool.
[[File:roughing_gouge.svg|left|300px]]
<br clear=left>
=== Spindle Gouges ===
Called ''"Formröhren"'' in German, these gouges are okay for rounding a spindle if you don't have a proper roughing gouge but are more suited for ''forming'' cuts in an already round workpiece.
[[File:spindle_gouge.svg|left|300px]]
<br clear=left>
=== Bowl Gouges ===
Bowl gouges are most aggressive at the sides, so you should avoid to contact the workpiece with the entire bevel. Instead, they are somewhat "rolled" into the desired cut position. This basic "tip cut" technique is nicely explained in [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/gouges3.html this article].
'''advanced techniques'''
* with special "fingernail" or "swept-back" grinds, [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/gouges4.html "wing cuts"] are also possible for advanced turners
* [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/gouges5.html sidegrain turning] (needed to make bowls)
* [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/gouges6.html steps of bowl turning]
[[File:bowl_gouge.svg|left|300px]]
[[File:Fingernail_bowl_gouge.svg|300px]]


<br clear=all>
<br clear=all>
== Parting Tools ==
 
== Skew Chisels ==
{{ToolInfoBox
{{ToolInfoBox
|tool name=Parting Tools
|tool name=Skew Chisels
|image=parting tools.jpg
|image=skew chisel.JPG
|synonyms=DE: Abstechstähle
|synonyms=woodturning chisels, "skews";<br>DE: Drechselbeitel, Drehmeißel,<br>schräge Flachstähle
|type=[[woodturning]] tool
|type=[[woodturning]] tool
|material=[[wood]]
|material=[[wood]]
|used with=[[Wood Lathe|wood lathe]]
|tutors=[[User:Lukas|Lukas]]
|location=
|access=upon introduction
|tutors=[[Lukas]]
|manual=
|manual=
|donation=
|donation=
|similar=
|similar=
|extrabox=yes
}}
}}
'''Not to be confused with "regular" [[Bevel Edge Chisels|bevel edge chisels]]!'''
Also called the "woodturner's plane" - can create nice surfaces, but prone to [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOvF5f1phhY "catching" on the workpiece] if you're not experienced!
Besides the video linked above, you should have a look at this nice writeup on how to [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/skews1.html control the skew and prevent catches] before attempting to use it.
Once you get the hang of it, a skew chisel is actually a very versatile tool and can be used for [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/skews2.html a variety of different cuts].
[[File:skew chisel.svg|thumb|left|300px|s: skew angle, b: bevel angle]]
We have two one-inch wide (25-26 mm) skew chisels in the woodturning area: a cheap and rather short "regular" one and a [https://www.woodlathesinc.com/products/crown-1-1-4-oval-skew-chisel?variant=51278810438 ''Crown'' oval skew chisel] that is supposed to glide across the toolrest more easily and definitely has a better blade material.


<br clear=all>
<br clear=all>
== Scrapers ==
== Scrapers ==
{{ToolInfoBox
{{ToolInfoBox
|tool name=Woodturning Scrapers
|tool name=Woodturning Scrapers
|image=woodturning scraper.JPG
|image=woodturning scraper.JPG
|synonyms=DE: Schaber
|synonyms=DE: Schaber, Drechselschaber,<br>Flachstähle, Schlichtstähle,<br>Schrotstähle
|type=[[woodturning]] tool
|type=[[woodturning]] tool
|material=[[wood]]
|material=[[wood]]
|used with=[[Wood Lathe|wood lathe]]
|tutors=[[User:Lukas|Lukas]]
|location=
|access=upon introduction
|tutors=[[Lukas]]
|manual=
|manual=
|donation=
|donation=
|similar=[[Card Scrapers|card scrapers]]
|similar=[[Card Scrapers|card scrapers]]
|extrabox=yes
}}
}}
Scrapers are not really used for cutting but have an edge with a burr similar to that on a [[Card Scrapers|card scraper]]. Instead of removing a lot of wood you can use this tool for delicate finishing touches. Read more about this tool [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/scrapers1.html here (Doc Green)].
Scrapers are not really used for cutting but have an edge with a burr similar to that on a [[Card Scrapers|card scraper]]. Instead of removing a lot of wood you can use this tool for delicate finishing touches. Read more about this tool [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/scrapers1.html here (Doc Green)].
Contrary to pretty much all other woodturning tools, you do not let the scraper "ride" on its bevel. To make sure the workpiece always runs "away" from its edge and you do not get a catch, use this tool '''below the workpiece axis for outside work''' and '''above for inside work'''.<sup> [http://www.holzwerken.net/Wissen/Tipps-Tricks/Drechseln/Mal-hoch-mal-niedrig-den-Schaber-ansetzen]<sup>


We have one round nose scraper to start with.
We have one round nose scraper to start with.
[[File:woodturning scraper.svg|left|300px]]
<br clear=left>
=== Side Cutting Scrapers ===
[[File:Ausdrehstahl rund.jpg|thumb|tip of the 20 mm "Kirschen" side cutting scraper]]
Micha [[loan]]ed the Space a side cutting scraper ''(Ausdrehstahl)'' (round, 20 mm) to work on the insides of bowls or similar pieces!
This tool looks different of course, but is used and sharpened in the same basic way as a "front cutting" scraper.


<br clear=all>
<br clear=all>
== Further Reading ==
 
== Parting Tools ==
{{ToolInfoBox
|tool name=Parting Tools
|image=parting tools.jpg
|synonyms=DE: Abstechstähle, Abstecher,<br>Spitzstahl ("Diamant-Form")
|type=[[woodturning]] tool
|material=[[wood]]
|tutors=[[User:Lukas|Lukas]]
|manual=
|donation=
|similar=
|extrabox=yes
}}
Parting tools can be used for simple grooves or to "part off" your finished piece from the waste. However, parting can be very dangerous if the cut is not widened properly and the high friction causes the tool to get jammed in its cut!<sup> [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/mishappartingtool.html]</sup>
 
In many cases, and when working between centers, it is advisable to turn the lathe off and do the final parting cut with a [[saw]] instead.
 
When your [[Woodturning Blanks|blank]] has knots or split edges, a parting tool may be more suitable than a [[Roughing Gouge|roughing gouge]] to get it round.<sup> [https://www.selbst.de/holz-drechseln-5223.html]</sup>
 
We have a "diamond" parting tool that is tapered behind the edge to avoid binding and burn marks<sup> [https://www.feinewerkzeuge.de/turn2.html]</sup> and two with ''other geometry'' (Kirschen: seems to be a narrow "Bedan" shape).
 
''=> [http://www.docgreenwoodturner.com/partingtools.html Doc Green: Parting Tools]''<br>
''=> [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dwEnMS9Xkg4 HolzWerken: Beim Drechseln oft unterschätzt - der Abstecher (DE)]''
 
[[File:toy wheel turning 2.JPG|thumb|left|350 px|simple parting cut to make wheels for a [[Project:Tigerente|''Tigerente'']]]]
[[File:Kirschen Abstecher.jpg|thumb|"European style" parting tool made by Kirschen - NOT suitable for soft wood!]]
 
<br clear=all>
 
== Further Information ==
* thespruce.com
* thespruce.com
** [https://www.thespruce.com/the-profiles-used-in-turning-spindles-3536934 the four tools needed for spindle profiles]
** [https://www.thespruce.com/the-profiles-used-in-turning-spindles-3536934 the four tools needed for spindle profiles]
** [https://www.thespruce.com/how-to-use-a-skew-chisel-3536930 how to use a skew chisel]
** [https://www.thespruce.com/how-to-use-a-skew-chisel-3536930 how to use a skew chisel]
* [https://makezine.com/2015/08/13/quick-guide-7-basic-woodturning-tools/ Makezine: "7 Basic Woodturning Tools"]
* Video Tutorials
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kunZIzNNxUY Understanding a Starter Set of Lathe Chisels] - simple but safe techniques for beginners


[[Category:Hand Tools]]
[[Category:Woodturning]]
[[Category:Turning]]
[[Category:Woodworking]]

Latest revision as of 09:11, 26 January 2024

ToolInfoBox

Woodturning Tools

Cheap woodturning tools.JPG
Synonyms: DE: Drechseleisen, Drechselmesser
Material: wood
Used with: wood lathe
Location: wood workshop
(wall above wood lathe)
Access Requirements: read this page; woodturning introduction
Tutors: Lukas

Once you've got a nice turning blank spinning on the wood lathe, you'll want to shape it by holding something sharp to it. We're only getting started with woodturning, but as we learn this page will grow with information about various forms of turning tools (a multi-photo imagemap will be nice for easy navigation).

In early 2018, Lukas got a cheap beginner's set consisting of

  • some kind of 12 mm gouge
    • not a roughing gouge: too narrow & shallow
    • not a Formröhre: mostly rectangular when seen from above, no "nose"
    • looks a lot like an out-cannel firmer gouge (not a turning tool?!)
  • 26 mm skew chisel (Drechselbeitel)
  • 13 mm round nose scraper (Schaber, rund)
  • 4 & 6 mm parting tools (Abstechstähle)


which we will gradually expand or replace with better ones as needed:


CAUTION: the simple skew chisel and scraper were misused and badly bent, currently they are "fixed" but may bend or even break easier next time! Stop turning if anything seems wrong with these or other tools.



Gouges

ToolInfoBox

Woodturning Gouges

Woodturning gouge.JPG
Synonyms: DE: Drechselröhren, Drehröhren;
Schruppröhren, Formröhren, Schalenröhren
Type: woodturning tool
Material: wood
Tutors: Lukas

Gouges are perhaps the most frequently used woodturning tools and are very useful to get your workpiece round in the first place.

We only have a very uncharacteristic gouge at the moment. There are several specialized types including roughing, spindle and bowl gouges, all of which may be sharpened at different angles to produce an even bigger variety.

If you would like to see more gouges in our shared selection, please make suggestions and also let us know whether you would be willing to throw in a few €! In the meantime, you are welcome to borrow Lukas' private gouges for a beer or so ;-)

Roughing Gouges

typical marks during roughing

Avoid contacting the workpiece with one of the corners! These gouges are usually forged from a flat piece of steel and therefore less strong than those that are milled from a solid round piece - they are sometimes reported to break near the handle. [1]

This article may help you with your first attempts of using a spindle roughing gouge. Roughing gouges take the same shaving across their entire cutting edge so it's a good idea to keep slowly twisting the tool to balance the wear over the entire edge (otherwise you'll quickly have a dull spot in the middle while the sides are still sharp).

Also have a look at this beginner's guide for some nice illustrations as well as detailed descriptions of the cuts you can make with this tool.

Roughing gouge.svg


Spindle Gouges

Called "Formröhren" in German, these gouges are okay for rounding a spindle if you don't have a proper roughing gouge but are more suited for forming cuts in an already round workpiece.

Spindle gouge.svg


Bowl Gouges

Bowl gouges are most aggressive at the sides, so you should avoid to contact the workpiece with the entire bevel. Instead, they are somewhat "rolled" into the desired cut position. This basic "tip cut" technique is nicely explained in this article.

advanced techniques

Bowl gouge.svg

Fingernail bowl gouge.svg


Skew Chisels

ToolInfoBox

Skew Chisels

Skew chisel.JPG
Synonyms: woodturning chisels, "skews";
DE: Drechselbeitel, Drehmeißel,
schräge Flachstähle
Type: woodturning tool
Material: wood
Tutors: Lukas

Not to be confused with "regular" bevel edge chisels!

Also called the "woodturner's plane" - can create nice surfaces, but prone to "catching" on the workpiece if you're not experienced!

Besides the video linked above, you should have a look at this nice writeup on how to control the skew and prevent catches before attempting to use it.

Once you get the hang of it, a skew chisel is actually a very versatile tool and can be used for a variety of different cuts.

s: skew angle, b: bevel angle

We have two one-inch wide (25-26 mm) skew chisels in the woodturning area: a cheap and rather short "regular" one and a Crown oval skew chisel that is supposed to glide across the toolrest more easily and definitely has a better blade material.


Scrapers

ToolInfoBox

Woodturning Scrapers

Woodturning scraper.JPG
Synonyms: DE: Schaber, Drechselschaber,
Flachstähle, Schlichtstähle,
Schrotstähle
Type: woodturning tool
Material: wood
Tutors: Lukas
Similar (More or Less): card scrapers

Scrapers are not really used for cutting but have an edge with a burr similar to that on a card scraper. Instead of removing a lot of wood you can use this tool for delicate finishing touches. Read more about this tool here (Doc Green).

Contrary to pretty much all other woodturning tools, you do not let the scraper "ride" on its bevel. To make sure the workpiece always runs "away" from its edge and you do not get a catch, use this tool below the workpiece axis for outside work and above for inside work. [2]

We have one round nose scraper to start with.

Woodturning scraper.svg


Side Cutting Scrapers

tip of the 20 mm "Kirschen" side cutting scraper

Micha loaned the Space a side cutting scraper (Ausdrehstahl) (round, 20 mm) to work on the insides of bowls or similar pieces!

This tool looks different of course, but is used and sharpened in the same basic way as a "front cutting" scraper.


Parting Tools

ToolInfoBox

Parting Tools

Parting tools.jpg
Synonyms: DE: Abstechstähle, Abstecher,
Spitzstahl ("Diamant-Form")
Type: woodturning tool
Material: wood
Tutors: Lukas

Parting tools can be used for simple grooves or to "part off" your finished piece from the waste. However, parting can be very dangerous if the cut is not widened properly and the high friction causes the tool to get jammed in its cut! [3]

In many cases, and when working between centers, it is advisable to turn the lathe off and do the final parting cut with a saw instead.

When your blank has knots or split edges, a parting tool may be more suitable than a roughing gouge to get it round. [4]

We have a "diamond" parting tool that is tapered behind the edge to avoid binding and burn marks [5] and two with other geometry (Kirschen: seems to be a narrow "Bedan" shape).

=> Doc Green: Parting Tools
=> HolzWerken: Beim Drechseln oft unterschätzt - der Abstecher (DE)

simple parting cut to make wheels for a Tigerente
"European style" parting tool made by Kirschen - NOT suitable for soft wood!


Further Information

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