Laser Cutter Material Settings

Unfortunately you can't just calculate the perfect settings based on the power ("Watts") of a laser cutter because the actually delivered energy is always based on a combination of power and speed, which is different for each brand or model of laser cutter. To make things more complicated, 100 % power in a cutting profile is not the same as 100 % power in an engraving profile...

As there is always some trial and error involved, please share your experience with the others! You can often use experience from other machines as a rough starting point.

In general, cutting is usually done at 100 % power and the highest speed that will still result in a reliable cut. If 100 % speed still gets you through (e.g. paper or cardboard), you should reduce the power until you find the sweet spot. Besides the power setting, you can influence the invested energy by altering the pulse frequency - you may want to go lower on flammable materials like wood, where edges might otherwise become black, and higher on plastics like acrylic glass where you are aiming for a "flame-polished" edge. ^{page 46}

The width of the kerf (Schnittfuge) also depends on the laser settings and the material you're using and could be important for certain designs. Sebastian recommends to use the "DXF for Laser" Fusion 360 export plugin ^[1] and testing different settings for each material so you get tight fitting joints.

Laserscript LS6090 (80 W)

Here's what we've tried so far - please add your own experiences!

Material	Thickness	Operation	Power	Corner power	Speed	Resolution (dpi)	Frequency	Focus	Comments
Poplar Plywood	2 mm	cut	100		30
Poplar Plywood	2 mm	engrave	100		500	0.1mm
Poplar Plywood	4 mm	cut	100		16			center (-2 mm)	kerf: approx. 0.15 mm for a bit of wiggle room (for gluing)
Poplar Plywood	4 mm	cut	80		20			center (-2 mm)	Cut looks good; e.g. "Bastel-Sperrholz Pappel 4mm" from Bauhaus
Poplar Plywood	4 mm	engrave/extrude	90		260	0.1mm			Gives you ~2mm extrusion
Poplar Plywood	4 mm	engrave/extrude	90		520	0.1mm			Gives you ~1mm extrusion
Poplar Plywood	6 mm	cut	100		12			center (-3 mm)	kerf: approx. 0.15 mm for a bit of wiggle room (for gluing)
Poplar Plywood	8 mm	cut	100		7			center (-4 mm)	kerf: approx. 0.15 mm for a bit of wiggle room (for gluing)
Fichte	4mm	cut	100		10			center	Kleinteile > 3mm
Bamboo		engrave	20		200			Surface	quite good results. Not very deep, but good visibility.
Black anodized aluminium (bead blasted surface finish)		engrave	60		200			Surface	Very clean and bright lines. No change of surface texture to-touch. Increase resolution for finer details.
MDF	3 mm	cut	100		19			Center (1.5mm)	For larger objects, increase the power/decrease speed to adjust for unevenness of the object on the table.
PMMA	3mm	cut	100	80	25			Center (-1.5mm)
PMMA	3mm	cut	100	80	20			Top Surface
PMMA	10mm	cut	100	100	3.5			Center
PMMA 3mm Schutzfolie	0.05mm	cut	50	15	100			Center (-1.5mm)
Acryl Glass (GS)	5 mm	engrave	50		400			Surface	Good visibility
Acryl Glass (GS)	5 mm	cut	100		2			Surface	Cut looks good
Glass		Engrave	40		300			Surface
Glass Black Paint	4mm	Engrave	100		300			Surface	scen gap 0.1 Bi-dr Blow
Softshell (100% Polyester)		Engrave	15		450			Surface	Using more power will burn through the material!
Fleece (fabric)		Engrave	20		450			Surface	Engraving results in general are good. The visibility of the engraving depends heavily on the color of the used fabric.
Birch Plywood	8mm	cut	100		10			Surface	Cut looks good
Linol		Engrave	100		250			Center	According to Keno
Laser Stamp Rubber	2.3mm	engrave	100		200				Product Link
Laser Stamp Rubber	2.3mm	cut	100		12				Product Link
Slate (Schiefer)		engrave	100		150-250			Surface	Engraving on smooth black slate pieces create a light grey engraving with a rough texture

If we haven't tried a material yet, these Spaces with similar machines might have:

• looong list of MakeIt Labs' "Laser Settings 80W" (for this machine)
• smaller but probably equivalent "HPC"/"Laserscript" model at Fablab Zurich (also has a less detailed blog post)
• still pretty similar model at MadFabLab

Epilog Zing (30 W)

Outdated - we don't have this machine anymore, but perhaps other Spaces can use our information :-)

Click "Expand" on the right to see the full table!

Material	Thickness	Operation	Power	Speed	Resolution (dpi)	Frequency	Focus	Comments
Poplar Plywood	4 mm	cut	80	100	500		center (-2 mm)
Poplar Plywood	4 mm - any	3D engrave	100	75	250		surface	simple black & white design - works for QR Codes!
Poplar Plywood	4 mm	engrave	100	100	250		surface	simple black & white design - nice brown color as result
Poplar Plywood	9 mm	cut	100	27	250	5000	3mm
Beech Plywood	4 mm	cut	100	60	500		center (-2 mm)
Beech Plywood	4 mm - any	mark	10	100	500		surface
Beech Plywood	4 mm - any	engrave 3D	100	100	500		surface
MDF	3 mm	cut	100	60	200	2500	center (-1.5 mm)
Corrugated Fiberboard	2 mm	cut	25	100			surface
Silver anodised aluminium		engrave	50	100	500		surface	black & white design
XPS (extruded polystyrene)	20 mm	cut	45	100			center (-10 mm)	very wide kerf (~ 2 mm)!
Acrylic Glass	3 mm	cut	100	30	500	5000 (default)	center (-1.5 mm)
Acrylic Glass	3 mm - any	mark	20	100	500	5000 (default)	surface	about 0.5 mm deep
masking tape on metal	0.1 mm	engrave (let disappear)	100	100	500		surface	experiment to prepare an abrasive blasting mask - not successful, was blasted away...should work well for painting though
thin cardbord (frozen pizza box)	0.55 mm	cut	20	100	500	2500 (default)	surface
thin cardbord (frozen pizza box)	0.55 mm	mark	8	100	500	2500 (default)	surface
cellulose acetate (overhead slides)	<1 mm	cut	6-7	100	500	5000 (default)	surface	Power 7 cuts completely, Power 6 makes cutout adhere to template, but is easy to remove manually. Keep the printer clean ;)
blockboard (surface = birch veneer?)	18 mm - any	engrave 3D	20	100	500	2500 (default)	surface	visible, but still letting the grain show through - more powerful settings (e.g. 100/100) go noticeably deeper but only a bit darker
vulcanized fiber	0.8 mm	cut	100	100	200	5000 (default)	center (-0.4 mm)	lower power not tested yet
vulcanized fiber	1.5 mm	cut	100	80	200	5000 (default)	center (-0.75 mm)	higher speed not tested yet