{{MachineInfoBox
|machine name=OpenBuilds BlackBox CNC
|extrabox=test
|german=CNC-Plattenfräse
|image=BlackBox CNC router mill.png
|synonyms=DE: CNC-Fräse, CNC-Plattenfräse, Portalfräsmaschine
|material=[[wood]]
|firmware=[[grbl]]
|assetid=201
|software=
|manual=[https://produkte.mafell.de/media/f1/f1/ba/1734454431/fm800_fm1000_170875_0324_-_zoom.pdf router], [https://docs.openbuilds.com/doku.php?id=docs:blackbox-4x:start BlackBox-4x]
|used with= 3mm, 6mm, 8mm [[End Mills|end mills]];<br>''some'' kinds of [[Router Bits|router bits]]
|similar=[[router]], [[CNC Mill|CNC mill]]
}}
This [[User:Freegroup|self-built]] CNC router arrived at the Space in early 2025 and waits for '''your''' help to shine ;-)

{{Commissioning
|IssueNumber=367
|Naming=
|NamingComment=named after its controller
|Picture=done
|PictureComment=
|Manual=
|ManualComment=[[BlackBox_CNC_router_mill.png]]
|Documentation=
|DocumentationComment=
|QR=Done
|QRComment=
|Introduction=
|IntroductionComment=
|Security=
|SecurityComment=
|Test=
|TestComment=
|OwnerValue=
|OwnerValueComment=
|Availability=
|AvailabilityComment=
}}

This page is specifically for the Blackbox CNC router, first read the [[CNC Mills and Routers|CNC Overview]] page to get some information common for all CNC routers and mills.

'''All information on this page are preliminary until verified and the Blackbox router is being released to public.'''

== Introduction ==
The Blackbox CNC router uses a Duet controller board. The maximum reachable area is 820mm x 1050mm. The machine has set hard limits for the speed you can configure in your g-code file, before using these maximum speed start with lower speeds before running into trouble. The maximum speed in x and y direction is 2500mm/min, in z direction 300 mm/min.

== CAD / CAM ==
A "grbl" post processor is being used. If you are using [[FreeCAD]] follow the guide in this link for the exact settings. If you are using [[Autodesk Fusion 2D Contour Machining|Fusion360]] follow the guide in this link.

The Blackbox CNC is much more stable than the Workbee CNC due to the way it is constructed. Nevertheless practise on cheap material to get to know the limits of the machine.

Until more experience exist you can use as a starting point the same speed parameters as for the [[Workbee - CNC Router|Workbee]], but this machine should be able to handle higher speeds. For milling parameters take a look [[Milling cutter data|here]].

== Machine Control ==

=== Introduction ===
There are plenty of ways to keep all tooling organized. Use all of it! The things here (such as endmills) are for public use, so leave your surplus and use what is useful to you! As with all other tools, please leave the CNC more organized than you found it.

=== Powering on ===
The machine has two power buttons, one for the machine itself one for the spindle. Both are located on the right hand side of the CNC machine. Power up the spindle only as a very last step before you start your job.

To start milling, you begin by installing an endmill. Use the [[:File:Workbee-wrench.png|Wrench]] to [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Klz9pB9qDjI&t=33s insert the endmill of your choice] into the spindle.

=== Web Interface ===
The Blackbox CNC is controlled via a Web Interface accessible through the CoMakingSpace network. On any connected device, visit [http://10.100.164.247/ http://10.100.164.247] to control the machine and upload jobs. But do so only when you are next to machine that you don't interfere with other people.

Use the ''Machine Movement'' Dashboard on the Web Interface to jog the machine XY over your workpiece origin (usually the left-front corner). Then, slowly lower down until the tip of the endmill touches the workpiece. You can use the [https://youtu.be/UaDMzl_ZXVg?si=14Hr0xJUmM1L_L4A&t=368 paper method].

This is your workpiece zero point. Save this point by clicking on ''Set Work XYZ'' on the top right of the ''Machine Movement'' section.<div class="figure">[[File:Workbee-webinterface-jog.png|center|thumb|728x728px]]</div>

=== Starting a job ===
You can upload your job to the machine through the ''Jobs'' tab on the left vertical menu. When starting a milling job, make sure the workpiece is secured well and you are wearing proper PPE.

Close the front cover, have the spindle not touching any material and start the spindle. Next, start your job via the Web Interface. If you forget to start the spindle then for sure you will ruin either your work material or break the router bit - whatever is weaker.

== Router ==
The router mounted to it is a Mafell FM800 [https://produkte.mafell.de/fraesen/fraesmotor/fraesmotor-fm-800]. You need to consider the sizes of its collets (''Spannzangen'') when buying your router bits.

* no-load speed: 7000 - 25000 rpm
* max cutter diameter: 36 mm
* available collet diameters:
** 8 mm
** 6 mm
** 5 mm
** 3 mm

=== RPM Chart ===
The RPM value is set on the router via a dial, settings in the g-code are not obeyed. You can change the router RPM value during operation if needed.
{| class="wikitable"
!Dial Setting
!Approx. RPM
|-
|1
|7000
|-
|2
|10600
|-
|3
|14200
|-
|4
|17800
|-
|5
|21400
|-
|6
|25000
|}

Blackbox - CNC Router

2026-10-07T19:06:07Z

Maker-Joe: /* Introduction */

Blackbox - CNC Router

2026-10-07T19:01:09Z

Maker-Joe: /* Router */

Maker-Joe:

{{MachineInfoBox
|machine name=Ooznest WorkBee CNC
|german=CNC-Plattenfräse|image=Ooznest_WorkBee_CNC.JPG
|synonyms=DE: CNC-Fräse, CNC-Plattenfräse, Portalfräsmaschine
|type=CNC Router
|material=[[wood]]
|location=[[Location::CNC Area|CNC area]]
|status=
|firmware=[[RepRapFirmware]]
|assetid=3|software=[[Fusion360]] or other CAM Software
|manual=[http://ooznest.co.uk/WorkBee-CNC-Full-Kit product page], click "documentation" tab
|used with=6 mm, 8 mm, 1/4" or 1/8" [[End Mills|end mills]];<br>''some'' kinds of [[Router Bits|router bits]]
|similar=[[router]], [[CNC Mill|CNC mill]]
}}

This page is specifically for the Workbee CNC router, first read the [[CNC_Mills_and_Routers|CNC Overview]] page to get some information common for all CNC routers and mills.

== Introduction ==
We have a 1500mm x 1500mm version of the [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2538752 WorkBee] [[CNC Router|CNC router]], which is based on the Openbuilds OX. It can currently cut sheet material of up to 50 mm thickness on a work area of approximately 1280{{x}}1200 mm. The surfaced ''(plangefräste)'' [[#Spoilboard|spoilboard]] area is 1260{{x}}1160 (x{{x}}y) mm.

The Machine received a full electrical overhaul in the first half of 2024, here are its current electrical specifications:
* Duet 3 6HC+ Mainboard running RepRapFirmware
* Web- and touch interface
* MT-2303HS280AW 2.8A NEMA23 Stepper Motors
* Dewalt D26200 Router

== CAD / CAM ==
A "rrf" post processor is being used. If you are using [[FreeCAD]] follow the guide in this link for the exact settings. The standard FreeCAD rrf post processor is not working out of the box. If you are using [[Autodesk Fusion 2D Contour Machining|Fusion360]] follow the guide in this link, as well some special settings are needed.

The Workbee CNC is not the most precise CNC machine due to the way it is constructed. Practise on cheap material to get to know the limits of the machine. Be very conservative in regards to speed and depth.

As a starting point, use only 2mm depths per round, even with a larger router bit. As speed a good starting point is 600 mm/minute. If you use more agressive values you will see that the router starts to make little jumps. You can read some more details here [[WorkBee Schnittdaten und Fräser]] .

== Machine Control ==
[[File:Workbee-overview-labeled.png|alt=a labeled overview of the work area|center|thumb|763x763px|the new machine setup]]

=== Introduction ===
There are plenty of ways to keep all tooling organized. Use all of it! The things here (such as endmills) are for public use, so leave your surplus and use what is useful to you! As with all other tools, please leave the CNC more organized than you found it. For example, the collet wrench should always return to its intended place:<div class="figure">[[File:Workbee-wrench.png|alt=400|border|center|412x412px]]</div>In front of the machine these days inside the drawer there are [https://gridfinity.xyz/ Gridfinity] baseplates:<div class="figure">
[[File:Workbee-gridfinity.png|423x423px|400]]
</div>Gridfinity is a 3D Printed organization system based on a 42mm grid. The bins in front of the machine are meant to be freely used, labeled and expanded upon. You can find additional bins to 3D Print on sites like [https://www.thingiverse.com/ Thingiverse], [https://www.printables.com/ Printables] and [https://thangs.com/?sort=trending Thangs]. For example, if we add more collets in the future, re-print the [https://www.printables.com/model/989475-gridfinity-dewalt-collet-holder collet holder].

=== Powering on ===
To start the Machine, the Electronics Panel on the left have a power strip (Mehrfachstecker) with a toggle switch. This is the main on/off switch. After starting, ensure both E-Stops are not pressed. The machine will start up, and you can open the Web Interface on the Tablet, PC or any other device.

To start milling, you begin by installing an endmill. Use the [[:File:Workbee-wrench.png|Wrench]] to [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Klz9pB9qDjI&t=33s insert the endmill of your choice] into the spindle.

=== Web Interface ===
The WorkBee CNC is controlled via a Web Interface accessible through the CoMakingSpace network. On any connected device, visit http://workbeecnc/ or [http://10.2.0.3/ http://10.2.0.3] to control the machine and upload jobs. But do so only when you are next to machine that you don't interfere with other people.

Use the ''Machine Movement'' Dashboard on the Web Interface to jog the machine XY over your workpiece origin (usually the left-front corner). Then, slowly lower down until the tip of the endmill touches the workpiece. You can use the [https://youtu.be/UaDMzl_ZXVg?si=14Hr0xJUmM1L_L4A&t=368 paper method].

This is your workpiece zero point. Save this point by clicking on ''Set Work XYZ'' on the top right of the ''Machine Movement'' section.<div class="figure">[[File:Workbee-webinterface-jog.png|center|thumb|728x728px]]</div>

=== Starting a job ===
You can upload your job to the machine through the ''Jobs'' tab on the left vertical menu. When starting a milling job, make sure the workpiece is secured well and you are wearing proper PPE.

Next, start your job via the Web Interface. The machine will home once automatically before the actual job starts After homing, you can start the spindle with the button on the front panel interface. This button will not work before homing or if no job is running to ensure someone is present at the start of any operation. If you forget to start the spindle then for sure you will ruin either your work material or break the router bit - whatever is weaker.

== Router ==
The router mounted to it is a Dewalt D26200 (GB; known outside Europe as [https://www.shapeoko.com/wiki/index.php/DWP611 DWP611]). You need to consider the sizes of its collets (''Spannzangen'') when buying your router bits.

* no-load speed: 16000 - 27000 rpm
* max cutter diameter: 30 mm
* available collet diameters:
** 8 mm
** 6 mm
** 1/4 inch (6.35 mm)
** 1/8 inch (3.175 mm)

The collets of the DW613, DW620 and DW621 also fit the router and are easier to get in Germany than the original ones.

==== RPM Chart ====
{| class="wikitable"
!Dial Setting
!Approx. RPM
|-
|1
|16000
|-
|2
|18200
|-
|3
|20400
|-
|4
|22600
|-
|5
|24800
|-
|6
|27000
|}

== Spoilboard ==
Ooznest recommends a 6mm spoiler board, our first one is 20mm thick. It is mounted to the frame using 4 drop-in [[T-Slot Nuts|T-slot nuts]]. Cutting into the boards will make it uneven, from time to time it is neccessary to [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xav1uvCN6yY surface the spoiler board] again.

The total size of the spoilboard is currently 1445{{x}}1370 mm.

When there is time, we would like to [https://github.com/comakingspace/do-something/issues/51 drill workholding holes into the spoilboard]

== Dust Extraction ==
The Workbee Vacuum automatically turns on with the spindle. We have added a cyclone dust separator before the [[Shop Vac|shop vac]] so the bulk of the chips should be collected in an easily emptied box rather than the shop vac's bag.

The part that attaches the dust extraction hose to the router is called a "dust shoe". We are currently using [https://github.com/comakingspace/CommonFiles/tree/master/3DPrintingFiles/WorkbeeCNC this one] designed by [[Patrick]]. The next version should ideally fit the dust extraction hose without an adapter and include a kind of transparent, flexible "skirt" to optimize the airflow.

Other interesting designs:
* https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2802301

== Change Log ==
Please note down all changes you did on the Workbee in case issues are being found it might be easier. Have the newest entry on the top.

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Date
!Changed By
!Comment
!
|-
|9.7.25
|Jochen
|Spoilboard leveled, deepend by about 2mm. Previous leveling was not done to the max dimensions, stayed inside the old dimensions. In the future might be good to do the leveling across the complete area.
|
|-
|9.7.25
|Jochen
|config.g file change for step size, since x-direction was about 1.1% off. Old entry: M92 X3.361 Y3.331 Z400 New entry: M92 X3.324 Y3.331 Z400
|
|-
|4.6.25
|Jochen
|Electric crimps of duet board were faulty, newly crimped.
|
|}

2026-09-18T05:23:59Z

Maker-Joe: Created page with "new page"

new page

Workbee - CNC Router

2026-09-17T18:30:10Z

Maker-Joe:

Workbee - CNC Router

2026-09-17T18:29:25Z

Maker-Joe:

CNC Mills and Routers

2026-09-17T18:25:03Z

Maker-Joe:

This page should be your starting page when starting to look at our CNC mills and routers. The CNC routers and mills have lots of things in common, all this will be explained on this page here. For machine specific information follow the links in the list below.

Currently we have 3 CNC routers and mills in the Co-Making Space

* [[Workbee - CNC Router|Workbee CNC Router]]
* [[CNC Mill|Kress CNC Mill]]
* Blackbox CNC Router

== Basics ==
A CNC router is a computerized [[woodworking]] machine - basically a [[router]] mounted on a positioning system. While it may also be able to handle other materials than wood depending on the [[bits]] you use, a proper [[CNC Mill|CNC mill]] is more precise for machining parts out of metals and other non-wood materials.

You can make furniture or even build a house. For more ideas, check out the [[CNC Milling Ideas]].

To use this type of machine, you need to familiarize yourself a [[CAD]]/[[CAM]] program (e.g. [[FreeCAD]], [[Fusion 360]]). There are lots of options what software to use, you need a CAD tool to design what you want to build later and you need some CAM software to translate that design into a file with machine specific instructions. Some software offers both together, other software can only do one. At the end of the day you need to have this instruction file, it is mostly called gcode file, some people use different names. File extensions can vary, e.g. .gcode, .nc, .tap. At the end of the day the file extension doesn't matter, the file can be opened in a text editor and is readable, don't worry too much about the file extension name.

== Workflow ==
'''This is just an overview and does NOT replace the [[CNC Router Introduction|personal introduction]]!'''

# Create the tool paths in a suitable CAM software (e.g. [[FreeCAD]], [[Autodesk Fusion 2D Contour Machining|Fusion 360]])
# [[CNC Router Workholding|Secure your workpiece]] on the machine's bed
# Insert the appropriate collet & bit as defined in your tool paths
# Home the machine, jog to your work piece origin and zero your work coordinates
# Upload your generated G-Code
# Put on [[PPE|personal protection]]
# Run your Program
# Be ready to hit the Emergency Stop in case SHTF. Your Program is running!

You should consider to mill your code "in the air" first, meaning well above your work piece. With that you can see if the code causes some issues at some point. That can happen quite easily especially if you are having a piece which is getting close to the maximum size the machine can handle. gcode is not scanned from the machine upfront, the out of bounds error might come only up after you have milled 80% of your job.

== Spoilboard ==
Depending on the job you want to route on the CNC router/mill it might make sense to use a spoilboard. Some machines have a spoilboard typically mounted, some others don't. When ever you need to cut through the material you typically go little bit deeper than the material thickness. How much depends on the machine and your work piece. A not well leveled spoilboard in combination with a larger work piece leads to a bit more depths to be on the save side. Another option is to use a vice if you need to cut through and have a rather smaller work piece.

== Dust Extraction ==
Make sure to turn on the available dust extraction before you start your milling job, but only if you work with timber. If you are milling metal, then don't use dust extraction. Metal can get extremely hot and set the vacuum cleaner of fire.

Workbee - CNC Router

2026-09-17T18:23:18Z

Maker-Joe:

== WorkBee ==
{{MachineInfoBox
|machine name=Ooznest WorkBee CNC
|german=CNC-Plattenfräse|image=Ooznest_WorkBee_CNC.JPG
|synonyms=DE: CNC-Fräse, CNC-Plattenfräse, Portalfräsmaschine
|type=CNC Router
|material=[[wood]]
|location=[[Location::CNC Area|CNC area]]
|status=
|firmware=[[RepRapFirmware]]
|assetid=3|software=[[Fusion360]] or other CAM Software
|manual=[http://ooznest.co.uk/WorkBee-CNC-Full-Kit product page], click "documentation" tab
|used with=6 mm, 8 mm, 1/4" or 1/8" [[End Mills|end mills]];<br>''some'' kinds of [[Router Bits|router bits]]
|similar=[[router]], [[CNC Mill|CNC mill]]
}}

This page is specifically for the Workbee CNC router, first read the [[CNC_Mills_and_Routers|CNC Overview]] page to get some information common for all CNC routers and mills.

We have a 1500mm x 1500mm version of the [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2538752 WorkBee] [[CNC Router|CNC router]], which is based on the Openbuilds OX. It can currently cut sheet material of up to 50 mm thickness on a work area of approximately 1280{{x}}1200 mm. The surfaced ''(plangefräste)'' [[#Spoilboard|spoilboard]] area is 1260{{x}}1160 (x{{x}}y) mm.

The Machine received a full electrical overhaul in the first half of 2024, here are its current electrical specifications:
* Duet 3 6HC+ Mainboard running RepRapFirmware
* Web- and touch interface
* MT-2303HS280AW 2.8A NEMA23 Stepper Motors
* Dewalt D26200 Router

== Using the WorkBee CNC ==
We have various wiki pages documenting how to use the WorkBee CNC. Take a look:

[[WorkBee Schnittdaten und Fräser]] Information on cutting parameters and endmill selection (in German)

[[WorkBee Machine Operation]] for general machine operation (on/off, starting jobs, jogging, etc)

[[WorkBee organization]] for keeping things tidy

== Router ==
The router mounted to it is a Dewalt D26200 (GB; known outside Europe as [https://www.shapeoko.com/wiki/index.php/DWP611 DWP611]). You need to consider the sizes of its collets (''Spannzangen'') when buying your router bits.

* no-load speed: 16000 - 27000 rpm
* max cutter diameter: 30 mm
* available collet diameters:
** 8 mm
** 6 mm
** 1/4 inch (6.35 mm)
** 1/8 inch (3.175 mm)

The collets of the DW613, DW620 and DW621 also fit the router and are easier to get in Germany than the original ones.

==== RPM Chart ====
{| class="wikitable"
!Dial Setting
!Approx. RPM
|-
|1
|16000
|-
|2
|18200
|-
|3
|20400
|-
|4
|22600
|-
|5
|24800
|-
|6
|27000
|}

== Spoilboard ==
Ooznest recommends a 6mm spoiler board, our first one is 20mm thick. It is mounted to the frame using 4 drop-in [[T-Slot Nuts|T-slot nuts]]. Cutting into the boards will make it uneven, from time to time it is neccessary to [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xav1uvCN6yY surface the spoiler board] again.

The total size of the spoilboard is currently 1445{{x}}1370 mm.

When there is time, we would like to [https://github.com/comakingspace/do-something/issues/51 drill workholding holes into the spoilboard]

== Dust Extraction ==
The Workbee Vacuum automatically turns on with the spindle. We have added a cyclone dust separator before the [[Shop Vac|shop vac]] so the bulk of the chips should be collected in an easily emptied box rather than the shop vac's bag.

The part that attaches the dust extraction hose to the router is called a "dust shoe". We are currently using [https://github.com/comakingspace/CommonFiles/tree/master/3DPrintingFiles/WorkbeeCNC this one] designed by [[Patrick]]. The next version should ideally fit the dust extraction hose without an adapter and include a kind of transparent, flexible "skirt" to optimize the airflow.

Other interesting designs:
* https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2802301

== Change Log ==
Please note down all changes you did on the Workbee in case issues are being found it might be easier. Have the newest entry on the top.

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Date
!Changed By
!Comment
!
|-
|9.7.25
|Jochen
|Spoilboard leveled, deepend by about 2mm. Previous leveling was not done to the max dimensions, stayed inside the old dimensions. In the future might be good to do the leveling across the complete area.
|
|-
|9.7.25
|Jochen
|config.g file change for step size, since x-direction was about 1.1% off. Old entry: M92 X3.361 Y3.331 Z400 New entry: M92 X3.324 Y3.331 Z400
|
|-
|4.6.25
|Jochen
|Electric crimps of duet board were faulty, newly crimped.
|
|}

Workbee - CNC Router

2026-09-17T18:18:52Z

Maker-Joe: Created page with "== WorkBee == {{MachineInfoBox |machine name=Ooznest WorkBee CNC |german=CNC-Plattenfräse|image=Ooznest_WorkBee_CNC.JPG |synonyms=DE: CNC-Fräse, CNC-Plattenfräse, Portalfräsmaschine |type=CNC Router |material=wood |location=CNC area |status= |firmware=RepRapFirmware |assetid=3|software=Fusion360 or other CAM Software |manual=[http://ooznest.co.uk/WorkBee-CNC-Full-Kit product page], click "documentation" tab |used with=6 mm, 8 mm,..."

== WorkBee ==
{{MachineInfoBox
|machine name=Ooznest WorkBee CNC
|german=CNC-Plattenfräse|image=Ooznest_WorkBee_CNC.JPG
|synonyms=DE: CNC-Fräse, CNC-Plattenfräse, Portalfräsmaschine
|type=CNC Router
|material=[[wood]]
|location=[[Location::CNC Area|CNC area]]
|status=
|firmware=[[RepRapFirmware]]
|assetid=3|software=[[Fusion360]] or other CAM Software
|manual=[http://ooznest.co.uk/WorkBee-CNC-Full-Kit product page], click "documentation" tab
|used with=6 mm, 8 mm, 1/4" or 1/8" [[End Mills|end mills]];<br>''some'' kinds of [[Router Bits|router bits]]
|similar=[[router]], [[CNC Mill|CNC mill]]
}}

This page is specifically for the Workbee CNC router, first read the [[CNC_Mills_and_Routers|CNC Overview]] page to get some information common for all CNC routers and mills.

We have a 1500mm x 1500mm version of the [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2538752 WorkBee] [[CNC Router|CNC router]], which is based on the Openbuilds OX. It can currently cut sheet material of up to 50 mm thickness on a work area of approximately 1280{{x}}1200 mm. The surfaced ''(plangefräste)'' [[#Spoilboard|spoilboard]] area is 1260{{x}}1160 (x{{x}}y) mm.

Its electronics have been swapped out to run [https://docs.duet3d.com/ RepRapFirmware] and it can now be controlled via a on-machine touch interface or through any local device using its web interface, no extra software or "G-Code sender" needed!

=== Using the WorkBee CNC ===
We have various wiki pages documenting how to use the WorkBee CNC. Take a look:

[[WorkBee Schnittdaten und Fräser]] Information on cutting parameters and endmill selection (in German)

[[WorkBee Machine Operation]] for general machine operation (on/off, starting jobs, jogging, etc)

[[WorkBee organization]] for keeping things tidy

=== Router ===

The router mounted to it is a Dewalt D26200 (GB; known outside Europe as [https://www.shapeoko.com/wiki/index.php/DWP611 DWP611]). You need to consider the sizes of its collets (''Spannzangen'') when buying your router bits.

* no-load speed: 16000 - 27000 rpm
* max cutter diameter: 30 mm
* available collet diameters:
** 8 mm
** 6 mm
** 1/4 inch (6.35 mm)
** 1/8 inch (3.175 mm)

The collets of the DW613, DW620 and DW621 also fit the router and are easier to get in Germany than the original ones.

==== RPM Chart ====
{| class="wikitable"
!Dial Setting
!Approx. RPM
|-
|1
|16000
|-
|2
|18200
|-
|3
|20400
|-
|4
|22600
|-
|5
|24800
|-
|6
|27000
|}

=== Spoilboard ===

Ooznest recommends a 6mm spoiler board, our first one is 20mm thick. It is mounted to the frame using 4 drop-in [[T-Slot Nuts|T-slot nuts]]. Cutting into the boards will make it uneven, from time to time it is neccessary to [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xav1uvCN6yY surface the spoiler board] again.

The total size of the spoilboard is currently 1445{{x}}1370 mm.

When there is time, we would like to [https://github.com/comakingspace/do-something/issues/51 drill workholding holes into the spoilboard].

=== Electrics ===
The Machine received a full electrical overhaul in the first half of 2024, here are its current electrical specifications:

* Duet 3 6HC+ Mainboard running RepRapFirmware
* Web- and touch interface
* MT-2303HS280AW 2.8A NEMA23 Stepper Motors
* Dewalt D26200 Router

=== Dust Extraction ===
The Workbee Vacuum automatically turns on with the spindle. We have added a cyclone dust separator before the [[Shop Vac|shop vac]] so the bulk of the chips should be collected in an easily emptied box rather than the shop vac's bag.

The part that attaches the dust extraction hose to the router is called a "dust shoe". We are currently using [https://github.com/comakingspace/CommonFiles/tree/master/3DPrintingFiles/WorkbeeCNC this one] designed by [[Patrick]]. The next version should ideally fit the dust extraction hose without an adapter and include a kind of transparent, flexible "skirt" to optimize the airflow.

Other interesting designs:
* https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2802301

=== Change Log ===

Please note down all changes you did on the Workbee in case issues are being found it might be easier. Have the newest entry on the top.

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Date
!Changed By
!Comment
!
|-
|9.7.25
|Jochen
|Spoilboard leveled, deepend by about 2mm. Previous leveling was not done to the max dimensions, stayed inside the old dimensions. In the future might be good to do the leveling across the complete area.
|
|-
|9.7.25
|Jochen
|config.g file change for step size, since x-direction was about 1.1% off. Old entry: M92 X3.361 Y3.331 Z400 New entry: M92 X3.324 Y3.331 Z400
|
|-
|4.6.25
|Jochen
|Electric crimps of duet board were faulty, newly crimped.
|
|}

CNC Mills and Routers

2026-09-17T16:41:10Z

Maker-Joe: Initial page, to start cleaning up the various CNC router/mill information.

This page should be your starting page when starting to look at our CNC mills and routers. The CNC routers and mills have lots of things in common, all this will be explained on this page here. For machine specific information follow the links in the list below.

Currently we have 3 CNC routers and mills in the Co-Making Space

* [[CNC Router|Workbee CNC Router]]
* [[CNC Mill|Kress CNC Mill]]
* Blackbox CNC Router

== Basics ==
A CNC router is a computerized [[woodworking]] machine - basically a [[router]] mounted on a positioning system. While it may also be able to handle other materials than wood depending on the [[bits]] you use, a proper [[CNC Mill|CNC mill]] is more precise for machining parts out of metals and other non-wood materials.

You can make furniture or even build a house. For more ideas, check out the [[CNC Milling Ideas]].

To use this type of machine, you need to familiarize yourself a [[CAD]]/[[CAM]] program (e.g. [[FreeCAD]], [[Fusion 360]]). There are lots of options what software to use, you need a CAD tool to design what you want to build later and you need some CAM software to translate that design into a file with machine specific instructions. Some software offers both together, other software can only do one. At the end of the day you need to have this instruction file, it is mostly called gcode file, some people use different names. File extensions can vary, e.g. .gcode, .nc, .tap. At the end of the day the file extension doesn't matter, the file can be opened in a text editor and is readable, don't worry too much about the file extension name.

== Workflow ==
'''This is just an overview and does NOT replace the [[CNC Router Introduction|personal introduction]]!'''

# Create the tool paths in a suitable CAM software (e.g. [[FreeCAD]], [[Autodesk Fusion 2D Contour Machining|Fusion 360]])
# [[CNC Router Workholding|Secure your workpiece]] on the machine's bed
# Insert the appropriate collet & bit as defined in your tool paths
# Home the machine, jog to your work piece origin and zero your work coordinates
# Upload your generated G-Code
# Put on [[PPE|personal protection]]
# Run your Program
# Be ready to hit the Emergency Stop in case SHTF. Your Program is running!

You should consider to mill your code "in the air" first, meaning well above your work piece. With that you can see if the code causes some issues at some point. That can happen quite easily especially if you are having a piece which is getting close to the maximum size the machine can handle. gcode is not scanned from the machine upfront, the out of bounds error might come only up after you have milled 80% of your job.

== Spoilboard ==
Depending on the job you want to route on the CNC router/mill it might make sense to use a spoilboard. Some machines have a spoilboard typically mounted, some others don't. When ever you need to cut through the material you typically go little bit deeper than the material thickness. How much depends on the machine and your work piece. A not well leveled spoilboard in combination with a larger work piece leads to a bit more depths to be on the save side. Another option is to use a vice if you need to cut through and have a rather smaller work piece.

== Dust Extraction ==
Make sure to turn on the available dust extraction before you start your milling job, but only if you work with timber. If you are milling metal, then don't use dust extraction. Metal can get extremely hot and set the vacuum cleaner of fire.

FreeCAD

2026-08-29T08:40:02Z

Maker-Joe: Updates for newer FreeCAD version plus information for the Kress Cnc mill

{{SoftwareInfoBox
|software name=FreeCAD
|image=FreeCAD-logo.svg
|type=3D Modeling, CAD
|platform=Windows, Mac, Linux
|license=LGPL-2.0-or-later
|source=https://www.freecad.org/
|installed=
|input=
|output=
|users=[[Lorenz]], [[Maker-Joe]]
}}

'''General Setup'''

To use FreeCAD on a CNC machine a few configuration like for any CAD tool has to be made. Some are rather general and some are specific to the CNC router. FreeCAD offers some great help and resources on the web. This chapter is not intending to replace all that documentation but should just give you a brief overview as a jump start what has worked for the author, feel free to do it differently (and share your knowledge).

In the CAM workbench create a job, for the first time leave template empty. Once you know what you do create a template to speed up your work. In the screen below just press "OK".
[[File:FC1 Create Job.png|thumb|center|Initial CAM Job creation]]

On the left part you have 6 tabs, on the "Output" tab look at the following settings:

[[File:FC2 general tab.png|thumb|center|CAM Job - General Settings]]
As a processor you need to select the processor matching your CNC rounter, for the Workbee select rrf for the Kress CNC mill select mach3. As the coordinate system choose G54 in case you use the Workbee (might as well differ for other CNC routers). Output File can be left empty, but it is recommended to specify a filename for the gcode file. If you don't specify a filename here the gcode file is called "-" (until FreeCAD 1.0.1, so use the latest version to avoid this) and located in the same folder as your FreeCAD file.

Now switch to the "Setup" tab

[[File:FC3 General CAM Settings.png|thumb|center|CAM Job - Setup Settings]]

Select "Extend Bounding Box", but set the extension to 0 mm in all directions. Now set the origin, most likely you want to have the origin at the bottom left of your workpiece and here on the top of the workpiece since you drill/route into the material. The origin (the little coordinate system) on the picture is set to the right position. In case it is not for you click on the corner you would like to use as origin. You can see (hard to spot) that the lower corner has a little green dot, only then the button "Set origin" becomes active to set the origin. It can be very hard to hit exactly a corner, be patient if you do it the first time.

Now switch to the "Tools" tab:

[[File:FC4 CAM Setup tools.png|thumb|center|CAM Job - Tools Settings]]

Add your tools to the list and remove all tools you don't need for your job. If you have not created your tool, then this would have to be done first. Tool creation is fairly easy and thus skipped in that guide for now. The values you enter here depend mill bit and the material you are using, check here [[WorkBee Schnittdaten und Fräser]] to get some ideas. For the workbee, the spindle speed can be set to any value, it runs anyways on one constant speed of 16000 rpm. Again for other CNC routers it might be different.

[[File:FC5 CAM setup complete.png|thumb|center|CAM Job - Settings Completed]]

Operations are a bit of trial and error what works best for you and there are plenty of resources on the net. Once you have created all your paths, then get back to the next step. Assuming you have now all your operations you can export your g-code file:

[[File:FC6 export gcode.png|thumb|center|CAM Job - Export gcode]]

By pressing the marked button your gcode file will be exported. Remember at the top of this guide is explained about the name and location where it will be stored. If that button is inactive then select the "Operations" folder in the tree of the left of the screen.

'''Workbee Specific Changes for the Gcode File'''

Once you have your gcode file, open it in a text editor:

[[File:FC7 orig gcode.png|thumb|center|CAM Job - Export gcode]]

The part marked in red must be replaced, in line 17 of the screenshot (line number might be different for your file) you see where the first operations starts. The name of the operation might be as well different for your file. Everything above is a header and needs to be replaced with:
G90 G94
G17
G21
G28 G91 Z0
G90

(2D Contour1)
T2
M3 S16000 P0
G17 G90 G94
G54

After that the file looks like this:

[[File:FC8 mod gcode.png|thumb|center|CAM Job - Export gcode modified]]

This is now the gcode you can upload to the Workbee.

A Workbee specific post processor has been created, it can be found here https://github.com/comakingspace/CommonFiles/blob/master/CNCFiles/rrf_comaking_hd_post.py If you are using this post processor you can skip the last manual copy and paste steps.

Kress CNC

2026-08-29T08:37:29Z

Maker-Joe: Added some information on FreeCAD and fixed a wrong UI text

==Kress CNC==
{{MachineInfoBox
|machine name=Kress CNC Portal Mill
|german=CNC-Portalfräse
|image=Kress_CNC.jpg
|synonyms=
|type=CNC Mill
|material=[[wood]], [[metal]]
|location=[[Location::CNC Area|CNC area]]
|status=working
|firmware=
|assetid=122|software=
|manual=[https://www.lollette.com/support/pdf/CNC/SMC5-5.pdf Manual of the Controller Board]
|used with=[[endmills]]
|similar=[[CNC Router|CNC router]]
}}
This [[CNC Mill|CNC portal mill]] was bought used in 2022 from a maker that build and used it to machine aluminum parts for other CNCs. Main features and specs:

* Portal Mill driven by 3 stepper motors (23HS30-2804S)
*80kg steel & aluminum build, t-slot table
* Spindle: 800w China HF spindle with ER11 collet
* Work area: 300x360x80mm
* Controller: SMC5-5-N-N with jog-wheel
* Power Supply: Meanwell 48V 10A
* Stepper Drivers: 3x Leadshine DM556

=== Workflow ===
'''This is just an overview and does NOT replace the [[CNC Mill Introduction|personal introduction]]!'''

# Create the tool paths in a suitable CAM software (e.g. [[FreeCAD]], [[Fusion 360]])
# Post and export the correct [[G-code]] flavor as described below in the FreeCAD or Fusion 360 Setup
# Home the machine to zero the machine coordinates
# Secure your workpiece on the machine's bed using clamps or a vice screwed to the t-nut table. If you plan on cutting through the workpiece use a spoil board or machine vise
#Insert the appropriate collet & bit as defined in your tool paths
#Set your workpiece zero
#Put on [[PPE|personal protection]] and turn the spindle on
#Start your job from the USB stick. Always test new code "in the air" before cutting.

===FreeCAD Setup===
# Simply export your gcode as mach3.
===Fusion 360 Setup===
# In a new set-up, import the [https://github.com/comakingspace/CommonFiles/blob/master/CNCFiles/KressCNC_machineconfig.machine machine file] from Github
# Edit the machine settings. Under "post processor", import the [https://github.com/comakingspace/CommonFiles/blob/master/CNCFiles/mach3mill_kress.cps post file]. Make sure to save the post under "local".
The SMC5-N-N-5 processor uses the "mach3" post processor. The one included in [[Fusion 360]] is reported to sometimes cause erratic behavior with this controller. The prepared post on Github is modified to avoid this (add link).

=== Machine Control===
The machine itself is mainly operated by the control panel located on the right side of the machine box and the jog-wheel (SMC5-5-N-N).

[[File:0 MainSwitch.jpg|thumb|left|The main switch turns on the power for the CNC, the spindle, light and the controller.]]

<br clear="all">'''Homing the machine:''' This CNC has no auto-home. '''Always run the homing operation as first step directly after startup!'''

[[File:1 Homing.jpg|thumb|left|Start by homing the machine. If the text „Reset“ blinks red on the screen, press the reset button (1). Press the “Origin Operation“ button (2). In the menu, select „Return To Home“ (3).]]

<br clear="all">'''Navigation basics:'''

On the panel, use the XYZ +/- buttons to move the spindle. Always home the spindle at the beginning of your session. If properly homed, softstop settings should prevent the spindle from crashing into the sides of the machine, but navigate with caution. (add info how to change the distance per button press on the panel)

When using the jogwheel, press the button on the left side and then move the wheel. The X1, X10, X100 switch controls how far the spindle moves per click of the wheel. If set to X1, one click is 1/100mm. X10 is 1/10th and at X100 one click moves 1mm.

'''Zeroing the machine coordinate''' on the workpiece origin:
<gallery>
File:2 CoordinateSystem.jpg|The coordinate system. Note that the machine zero point is in the top left front corner of the machine and the spindle moves down into the negative Z direction.
File:3 SetToolheight.jpg|Carefully move down the tooltip onto the reference plane of your workpiece (usually the surface). Wiggle a piece of paper in between the tooltip and the workpiece and move the head down in 0.1mm or smaller increments until you start to feel the resistance and scratching.
File:4 zeroZ.jpg|Press the „Coordinate Operation" button (1). Press „Z Axis Zero" to set zero of the work coordinate for Z in the current position.
File:5 WorkpieceZeroXY.jpg|Move the tooltip to the X and Y position that you have set up as your origin in the CAM software.
File:6 zeroXY.jpg|Zero the work coordinates for X and Y by pressing „X Axis Zero" and „Y Axis Zero" (1,2). You have now fully set-up the zero point of the work coordinates to be in line with the origin of your workpiece in CAM.
</gallery>

To '''load your program''', insert USB key with gcode

In the control-panel, select "File-Open" > USB > *.tap/nc/gcode file > Open The file extension doesn't matter, Fusion uses tap, FreeCAD nc or gcode, at the end it is a gcode file which is readable in a text editor.

Make sure the Machine Zero is set-correctly and compare it one more time to your fusion settings.

'''''Are you sure, that the height is correct and you are not cutting into the work table? Are you really sure? Good.'''''

Dust & chip protection: If you are milling metal, position the U-shaped protection box over the work table. If it is wood, also hook up the dust shoe and a vacuum cleaner!

Move your Z Axis up to clearance and start the spindle. Manually adjust the speed.

RUN > Restart starts the program

'''Stop and Emergency Stop''': In case of any issues don't hesitate to hit the big emergency stop (cuts all electricity to spindle and stepper motors) or for smaller issues the stop on the jog-wheel (stops the program, moves to home after reset).

After finished, shut down the spindle and wait until it came to a full stop. Be careful: Endmill will be very hot!

<br clear="all">

CNC Mill Introduction

2026-08-23T19:37:56Z

Maker-Joe: /* Safety */

This is the content required for an introduction to our [[Introduction for::CNC Mill|CNC mill]] - '''reading this does NOT replace the mandatory session with a [[tutor]]!''' It will make it a lot quicker though ;-)

If you need this introduction, please reach out to the following tutors: [[Tutor::User:Sebastian|Sebastian]], [[Tutor::User:Luzian|Luzian]]

Before you get this introduction, we recommend you get the [[Handheld Router Introduction]] and gather some experience, this will help you understand the machine much better. For CNC beginners, it is recommended that you start with the [[CNC Router Introduction|CNC '''router''' introduction]] and gain your first experience on the [[Workbee CNC]].

== Safety ==
[[PPE|Personal protection]]: [[File:Protection - goggles.svg|50px]] [[File:Protection - hearing.svg|50px]] [[File:Protection - no gloves.svg|50px]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Dangers !! Precautions
|-
| [[File:Danger_-_draw-in.svg|left|50px]] sharp, fast spinning bits ([[End Mills|end mills]] or - rarely - certain [[Router Bits|router bits]]) ||
* You MUST stay clear of the spindle when in operation
* You MUST unplug the spindle when changing a bit or touching the chuck for any other reason
* insert your mill as far as you can afford for maximum strength
|-
| the bit may break during operation, sending part(s) of it flying toward you ||
* You MUST insert your bit as far as you can afford for maximum strength
* You MUST wear eye protection
* You SHOULD position the wooden or acrylic U-shaped box over the work area; the dust shoe also offers some protection
* You SHOULD NOT rapidly cool a hot bit by suddenly applying coolant - rather, cool continuously or do not cool at all
|-
|the bit can get extremely hot
* can potentially set sawdust on fire
* remains hot for a while after using
|| when you see smoke, immediately stop and re-think your tool settings - it might be spinning too fast or you could be feeding too slow! Are you sure your bit is sharp?
|-
| strong forces acting on the workpiece that might make it move ||
* You MUST secure your workpiece properly - see [[CNC Router Workholding|CNC router workholding]]
|-
| the machine has no live sensors and will execute its code regardless of what gets into its way
* heat generated during improper use can even [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tpxgZUYGSI set the machine on fire] [[File:danger - fire.svg|50px]]
||
* You MUST reference the machine to the workpiece (relative starting positions) before starting the router
* You MUST make sure your planned toolpath only passes through the workpiece and avoids machine or workholding parts
* You MUST monitor the CNC router closely when in operation
* You MUST keep an eye on the cables that come from above - are they securely out of the machine's paths?
*You MUST let end mills cool down before handling (risk of burning yourself)
|-
|[[File:Danger_-_hand injury.svg|left|50px]]powerful motion system can crush your fingers ||
* You MUST stay clear of all moving parts while the machine is running
|-
| hitting "pause" or "stop" in a control program will still let at least the current line be executed ||
* You MUST push the emergency shutdown button if '''anything''' goes wrong
|-
| lots of dust that could harm your health or settle down on machine parts, possibly hindering movements ||
* When milling wood or plastics, you SHOULD use the dust shoe and connect a shop vac.
* When milling metal, you MUST NOT extract the metal chips with a vacuum.
* You SHOULD position the wooden or acrylic U-shaped box over the work area to reduce the risk of flying chips towards the user and to protect the rails.
|-
|When milling metal, hot chips can fly towards user
|
* You SHOULD always place the U-shaped guardrail over the table.
* Even with the rail, chips can fly towards you. You MUST stay clear and you MUST wear eye protection.
|}

=== Feed Direction ===
The feed direction at this CNC router cannot be influenced. Lots of CNC routers allow to set the feed direction using G-codes [https://docs.duet3d.com/User_manual/Reference/Gcodes M3 and M4]. On the Kress mill the router cannot change its spinning direction, it always use M3 (clockwise). The CNC router thus does push and climb cuts at the same work piece depending on your geometry.

=== [[Feedrate]] ===
The proper combination of rotation speed and tool advancement is determined by your bit and material.
* be cautions not to remove too much material at a time - several passes are usually necessary if you want to go deep
* advancing ''too slow'' can produce excessive heat, advancing too fast can cause the workpiece to chip and even damage the bit

== Suggested Reading ==
Besides these safety notes, you should read about the different [[End Mills|end mills]] (and [[Router Bits|router bits]], if you want to try those) to know what you're doing! '''Different materials usually require different mills, and the [[feedrate]] depends on the mill as well as the type of material.'''

* our list of [[Milling Experiences|milling experiences]] - please also share what you find out!
* [https://www.autodesk.com/products/fusion-360/blog/top-8-milling-tools-new-cnc-machinists/ top milling tools for new CNC machinists]
* [https://www.autodesk.com/products/fusion-360/blog/cnc-programming-fundamentals-g-code/ G-Code fundamentals]

== Recommended Watching ==
* [[CAM]], virtual setup: [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=GuEV1D0Obac how to prepare your model and place it in a virtual workpiece in Fusion 360 ''(DE)'']

== Demonstration ==
The tutor will show you these steps in detail:

# Machine Explanation
#* Explain the main components of the machine
#* Explain the emergency switch vs. stop switch on remote jog wheel
# Machine setup
#*turning the machine on '''and off'''
#* homing the machine (setting absolute "0" positions)
#*selecting the right bit
#* inserting a bit (note: unplug spindle!)
# [[Fusion 360]] setup
#* Draw a simple pocket
#* Set-up the machine in Fusion using files from Github (machine + post processor)
#* Create a tool
#*Set up a tool path
#* Export the tool path to USB
# Setting up the workpiece
#* Securing your workpiece on the bench
#* How to protect the T-groove table
#* Setting the relative "0" position on your workpiece
#* connecting and turning on dust extraction (only for wood or plastic workpieces)
#Execute the job
#* how to load and run the tap file from USB
#*tip: "cut air" first (remove bit and collet) to make sure coordinates are set up correctly
#Cleaning & storage
#*Clean inside and outside the box with brush and vacuum cleaner
#*Storage below machine
#*Cover machine with sheet

{{Waiting List}}

[[Category:Introductions]]

CNC Mill Introduction

2026-08-23T19:32:32Z

Maker-Joe: /* Safety */

This is the content required for an introduction to our [[Introduction for::CNC Mill|CNC mill]] - '''reading this does NOT replace the mandatory session with a [[tutor]]!''' It will make it a lot quicker though ;-)

If you need this introduction, please reach out to the following tutors: [[Tutor::User:Sebastian|Sebastian]], [[Tutor::User:Luzian|Luzian]]

Before you get this introduction, we recommend you get the [[Handheld Router Introduction]] and gather some experience, this will help you understand the machine much better. For CNC beginners, it is recommended that you start with the [[CNC Router Introduction|CNC '''router''' introduction]] and gain your first experience on the [[Workbee CNC]].

== Safety ==
[[PPE|Personal protection]]: [[File:Protection - goggles.svg|50px]] [[File:Protection - hearing.svg|50px]] [[File:Protection - no gloves.svg|50px]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Dangers !! Precautions
|-
| [[File:Danger_-_draw-in.svg|left|50px]] sharp, fast spinning bits ([[End Mills|end mills]] or - rarely - certain [[Router Bits|router bits]]) ||
* You MUST stay clear of the spindle when in operation
* You MUST unplug the spindle when changing a bit or touching the chuck for any other reason
* insert your mill as far as you can afford for maximum strength
|-
| the bit may break during operation, sending part(s) of it flying toward you ||
* You MUST insert your bit as far as you can afford for maximum strength
* You MUST wear eye protection
* You SHOULD position the wooden or acrylic U-shaped box over the work area; the dust shoe also offers some protection
* You SHOULD NOT rapidly cool a hot bit by suddenly applying coolant - rather, cool continuously or do not cool at all
|-
|the bit can get extremely hot
* can potentially set sawdust on fire
* remains hot for a while after using
|| when you see smoke, immediately stop and re-think your tool settings - it might be spinning too fast or you could be feeding too slow! Are you sure your bit is sharp?
|-
| strong forces acting on the workpiece that might make it move ||
* You MUST secure your workpiece properly - see [[CNC Router Workholding|CNC router workholding]]
|-
| the machine has no live sensors and will execute its code regardless of what gets into its way
* heat generated during improper use can even [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tpxgZUYGSI set the machine on fire] [[File:danger - fire.svg|50px]]
||
* You MUST reference the machine to the workpiece (relative starting positions) before starting the router
* You MUST make sure your planned toolpath only passes through the workpiece and avoids machine or workholding parts
* You MUST monitor the CNC router closely when in operation
* You MUST keep an eye on the cables that come from above - are they securely out of the machine's paths?
*You MUST let end mills cool down before handling (risk of burning yourself)
|-
|[[File:Danger_-_hand injury.svg|left|50px]]powerful motion system can crush your fingers ||
* You MUST stay clear of all moving parts while the machine is running
|-
| hitting "pause" or "stop" in a control program will still let at least the current line be executed ||
* You MUST push the emergency shutdown button if '''anything''' goes wrong
|-
| lots of dust that could harm your health or settle down on machine parts, possibly hindering movements ||
* When milling wood or plastics, you SHOULD use the dust shoe and connect a shop vac.
* When milling metal, you MUST NOT extract the metal chips with a vacuum.
* You SHOULD position the wooden or acrylic U-shaped box over the work area to reduce the risk of flying chips towards the user and to protect the rails.
|-
|When milling metal, hot chips can fly towards user
|
* You SHOULD always place the U-shaped guardrail over the table.
* Even with the rail, chips can fly towards you. You MUST stay clear and you MUST wear eye protection.
|}

=== [[Feedrate]] ===
The proper combination of rotation speed and tool advancement is determined by your bit and material.
* be cautions not to remove too much material at a time - several passes are usually necessary if you want to go deep
* advancing ''too slow'' can produce excessive heat, advancing too fast can cause the workpiece to chip and even damage the bit

== Suggested Reading ==
Besides these safety notes, you should read about the different [[End Mills|end mills]] (and [[Router Bits|router bits]], if you want to try those) to know what you're doing! '''Different materials usually require different mills, and the [[feedrate]] depends on the mill as well as the type of material.'''

* our list of [[Milling Experiences|milling experiences]] - please also share what you find out!
* [https://www.autodesk.com/products/fusion-360/blog/top-8-milling-tools-new-cnc-machinists/ top milling tools for new CNC machinists]
* [https://www.autodesk.com/products/fusion-360/blog/cnc-programming-fundamentals-g-code/ G-Code fundamentals]

== Recommended Watching ==
* [[CAM]], virtual setup: [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=GuEV1D0Obac how to prepare your model and place it in a virtual workpiece in Fusion 360 ''(DE)'']

== Demonstration ==
The tutor will show you these steps in detail:

# Machine Explanation
#* Explain the main components of the machine
#* Explain the emergency switch vs. stop switch on remote jog wheel
# Machine setup
#*turning the machine on '''and off'''
#* homing the machine (setting absolute "0" positions)
#*selecting the right bit
#* inserting a bit (note: unplug spindle!)
# [[Fusion 360]] setup
#* Draw a simple pocket
#* Set-up the machine in Fusion using files from Github (machine + post processor)
#* Create a tool
#*Set up a tool path
#* Export the tool path to USB
# Setting up the workpiece
#* Securing your workpiece on the bench
#* How to protect the T-groove table
#* Setting the relative "0" position on your workpiece
#* connecting and turning on dust extraction (only for wood or plastic workpieces)
#Execute the job
#* how to load and run the tap file from USB
#*tip: "cut air" first (remove bit and collet) to make sure coordinates are set up correctly
#Cleaning & storage
#*Clean inside and outside the box with brush and vacuum cleaner
#*Storage below machine
#*Cover machine with sheet

{{Waiting List}}

[[Category:Introductions]]